Frankfurt, known as Germany’s financial hub, is a city where the old meets the new in a striking urban blend. Explore the 10 must-see places in Frankfurt, each offering its own unique character and charm.
From the towering skyline that earned it the nickname ‘Mainhattan’ to the quaint corners of its old town, Frankfurt is a city that delights and captivates. This tour of Frankfurt will unveil a city that, despite its modernity, retains a significant historical charm and warmth.
1. Römerberg Square: The Historical Heart of Frankfurt
A Journey Through Time
Römerberg Square, the historical and cultural heart of Frankfurt, is where the past and present seamlessly merge. Situated in the Altstadt (Old Town), this square has been the center of Frankfurt’s public life since the 12th century.
Key Highlights
- Römer: The historic town hall with a striking 15th-century façade.
- Half-Timbered Houses: Reconstructed in the 1980s, offering a glimpse into medieval Frankfurt.
- Gerechtigkeitsbrunnen (Justice Fountain): Erected in 1543, symbolizing justice and fairness.
A Hub of Activity
Römerberg Square has been a focal point for significant events, including:
- Coronations of Holy Roman Emperors: Held here, adding to its historical importance.
- Trade Fairs: Home to Frankfurt’s famous trade fairs, including the renowned Book Fair.
- Christmas Market: Dating back to 1393, this market attracts visitors worldwide with its festive charm.
Architectural Marvel
The architecture of Römerberg Square showcases a mix of styles from Gothic to Baroque, meticulously rebuilt after World War II. This square is not just a meeting point for locals and tourists but also a symbol of Frankfurt’s resilience and rebirth.
2. Main Tower: A Modern Marvel
The Pinnacle of Innovation
The Main Tower, a prominent skyscraper in Frankfurt, stands as a testament to modern architecture and innovation. Opened on January 28, 2000, this postmodern building, designed by Schweger + Partner, reaches 200 meters, with its mast extending to 240 meters, making it one of Germany’s tallest buildings.
Construction and Design
- Historic Integration: The lower levels incorporate the historic façade of the original buildings.
- Floors and Facilities: With 56 floors, it houses offices, a broadcasting studio, and a public observation deck.
Cultural and Artistic Hub
The Main Tower is more than just an office building; it’s a cultural destination featuring:
- Art Installations: Publicly accessible works like Bill Viola’s video installation and Stephan Huber’s mosaic.
- Sustainability: Recognized for its sustainability with LEED gold and platinum certifications.
Observation Deck
- Panoramic Views: The deck at 198 meters offers stunning views of the city.
- Accessibility: A lower platform is available for those with reduced mobility.
- Dining: The 53rd floor houses a restaurant and lounge with breathtaking views.
Visitor Information
The Main Tower is open to the public with tickets priced at 9 euros for adults, and discounts available for groups and Frankfurt Card holders. It’s important to note that the last elevator to the observation deck departs 45 minutes before closing.
3. Frankfurt Cathedral: A Historical Monument
The Majestic St. Bartholomew’s Cathedral
St. Bartholomew’s Cathedral, also known as Kaiserdom, is a significant historical and architectural landmark in Frankfurt. Standing over 96 meters tall, it was the city’s tallest building until the 1950s and has played a pivotal role in German history.
Historical Significance
- Coronations: Between 1562 and 1792, it was the coronation site for German emperors.
- Origins: Originally a church from the 9th century, it was consecrated to Saint Bartholomew in 1239.
Architectural Highlights
- Red Sandstone Construction: The cathedral is built entirely of red sandstone, a distinctive feature.
- Post-War Reconstruction: Rebuilt after World War II, it retains several original carvings.
- Dommuseum: Adjacent to the cathedral, this museum showcases ancient archaeological finds.
Visiting Hours and Admission
The cathedral is open Thursday to Saturday from 9:00 to 12:00 and 14:30 to 18:00, and on Fridays and Sundays from 14:30 to 18:00 (until 17:00 in winter). The Dommuseum is open Tuesday to Friday from 10:00 to 17:00, and weekends from 11:00 to 17:00. While cathedral entry is free, museum admission requires a fee.
4. Zeil Street: The Shopping Haven
The Evolution of Zeil Street
Dating back to the 19th century, Zeil Street has witnessed Frankfurt’s transformation and survived the devastation of World War II. Today, it stands as one of the city’s premier shopping streets.
Modern Meets Historical
- Avant-Garde Architecture: Home to designer shopping centers that contrast with remnants of its rich past.
- Pedestrian-Friendly: Stretches from Hauptwache square to Konstablerwache, making it ideal for a leisurely stroll.
Vibrant Urban Life
Zeil Street is not just about shopping; it’s a reflection of Frankfurt’s vibrant urban life with:
- Festivals and Markets: Hosts various events and open-air markets throughout the year.
- Proximity to Landmarks: Close to the cathedral (Dom) and the River Main.
Shopping Experience
Shops and boutiques on Zeil offer a range of options for all tastes and budgets, generally open from Monday to Saturday with varying hours. Prices cater to all budgets, from high-end brands to local shops.
5. The Old Opera House: A Cultural Jewel
Resilience and Splendor
Frankfurt’s Old Opera House, known as the Alte Oper, is a symbol of the city’s cultural resilience. Opened in 1880, this neo-Renaissance masterpiece designed by Richard Lucae reflects the grandeur of its time.
Historical Highlights
- Premieres: Hosted significant works, including Carl Orff’s “Carmina Burana” in 1937.
- War Destruction: Reduced to ruins during World War II, it was triumphantly rebuilt and reopened in 1981.
A Hub for the Arts
Today, the Alte Oper is a vibrant cultural center hosting:
- Concerts and Events: Features two main halls – the 2,500-seat Großer Saal and the 700-seat Mozart-Saal.
- Guided Tours: Approximately 90 minutes, revealing architectural and historical insights.
Visitor Information
Public tours are available for 8 euros per person, with additional fees for online bookings. Group tours can be arranged, and it’s important to arrive 15 minutes before the tour at the stage entrance. Note that the tours are not wheelchair accessible and not recommended for children under ten.
6. Goethe House: A Literary Landmark
The Birthplace of a Genius
The Goethe House, located on Großer Hirschgraben, is where the renowned German poet Johann Wolfgang von Goethe was born in 1749. This iconic landmark offers a glimpse into Goethe’s life and work.
Historical Background
- Family Home: Originally two half-timbered houses acquired by Goethe’s grandmother in 1733, transformed by his father in 1755/56 into a grand late Baroque (Rococo) style residence.
- Museum Status: Acquired by the Freien Deutschen Hochstift in 1863, it became one of the first house museums dedicated to a poet.
Rebuilding and Preservation
- World War II Destruction: Destroyed in 1944, the house was faithfully rebuilt and reopened in 1951.
- Period Furnishings: Rooms are furnished and decorated to reflect the period, offering an intimate insight into the Goethe family’s daily life.
Visitor Experience
The museum is open Monday to Friday from 9:00 to 17:30, Saturday from 10:00 to 18:00, and Sunday from 10:00 to 17:30. Guided tours are offered at 10:30 and 14:00, providing a unique perspective on Goethe’s life and times.
7. The Iron Bridge (Eiserner Steg): A Symbol of Connection
A Historic Pedestrian Bridge
Built in 1868, the Iron Bridge (Eiserner Steg) is a neo-Gothic style steel pedestrian bridge connecting the city’s north and south. Initially a toll bridge, it has withstood the test of time and historical events.
Key Features
- World War II Damage: Bombed and destroyed in 1945, it was later restored with added accessibility features.
- Historical Plaques: Indicate the Main River’s water levels over the years.
Cultural and Social Significance
The Iron Bridge not only connects two parts of Frankfurt but also symbolizes cultural and social unity. A plaque with a Greek motto from Homer’s “Odyssey” reflects this sentiment.
8. Sachsenhausen District: A Blend of History and Culture
A Vibrant Neighborhood
Sachsenhausen, located on the south bank of the Main River, is known for its preserved old town and lively culture. Divided into Sachsenhausen North and South, it offers a glimpse into Frankfurt’s past.
Key Attractions
- Schweizer Straße: Lined with cider taverns (Apfelwein), including Zum gemalten Haus and Wagner.
- Ebbelweiviertel: A section famous for its cider taverns clustered together.
Cultural Events
Sachsenhausen hosts various cultural events and markets, such as the flea market along the Main riverbank. It is also part of the Museumsufer, a collection of museums along the river.
Summer Festival
Every summer, Sachsenhausen holds a festival where the “Queen of Fountains” is chosen, highlighting the Frau Rauscher fountain in Klappergasse.
9. Palmengarten: A Botanical Paradise
An Urban Oasis
Founded in 1871, Frankfurt’s Palmengarten is a sprawling 22-hectare botanical garden. It began with the acquisition of tropical plant collections from Duke Adolf of Nassau.
Key Features
- Tropicarium: 14 greenhouses simulating various global climates, from rainforests to deserts.
- Palm House: An 18-meter-high centerpiece inspired by the crystal palaces of London and Paris.
Cultural and Educational Hub
Palmengarten hosts a variety of cultural and educational events throughout the year, from flower exhibitions to concerts and festivals. The Goethe Garden is a tribute to the city’s famous son, reflecting his love for gardening.
10. Städel Museum: A Beacon of Art
A Rich Artistic Heritage
Founded in 1815 by banker Johann Friedrich Städel, the Städel Museum is one of Germany’s leading art institutions. Its collection spans from the Middle Ages to the present day.
Key Highlights
- Extensive Collection: Includes 3,100 paintings, 660 sculptures, 100,000 drawings and prints, and a notable photography collection.
- Historical Significance: Survived the tumultuous years of Nazism, maintaining its status as a haven for art.
Visitor Experience
The museum offers guided tours and art talks, allowing visitors to deepen their understanding and appreciation of art. Its location on Museumsufer makes it a central part of Frankfurt’s cultural landscape.
Conclusion: Embrace Frankfurt’s Charm
Frankfurt seamlessly blends history, culture, and modernity. From its iconic skyscrapers to its historical squares, there is something for everyone in this dynamic city.
Plan Your Visit
The best times to visit Frankfurt are spring (March to May) and autumn (September to November) when the weather is pleasant, and the crowds are thinner. The city offers a wide range of accommodations to suit all preferences and budgets.
Final Thoughts
Frankfurt’s unique blend of old and new, traditional and modern, makes it a captivating destination. Whether you are drawn by its historical landmarks, vibrant culture, or stunning skyline, Frankfurt promises an unforgettable experience.
So, pack your bags and get ready to discover the many wonders of Frankfurt. From historical squares to modern marvels, your adventure in this key German city will be filled with memorable moments. Enjoy your journey through Frankfurt’s rich tapestry of history, culture, and innovation.